Lyme disease: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options

When dealing with Lyme disease, a bacterial infection spread by tick bites, caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Also known as Borreliosis, it often starts with a red rash and flu‑like feelings, then can move to joints, heart, or nerves if left untreated.

Early detection hinges on recognizing the bite history and the classic “bull’s‑eye” rash. Borrelia burgdorferi, the spiral‑shaped bacterium that triggers the disease lives in the gut of black‑legged ticks, so any recent outdoor activity in wooded areas raises risk. Lyme disease encompasses a range of symptoms that evolve in stages, making clear communication with your doctor essential. Many patients wonder how doctors confirm the infection; the answer lies in diagnostic testing, blood tests that look for antibodies or the bacterial DNA itself. A positive test combined with a known tick bite often clinches the diagnosis, while negative results early on may require a repeat test later. Knowing that diagnosis requires serologic testing helps you plan follow‑up appointments and avoid missed treatment windows.

Key Aspects of Lyme Disease

The mainstay of care is antibiotic therapy, a short‑course of drugs like doxycycline, amoxicillin, or cefuroxime that kills the bacteria. Treatment relies on timely antibiotic therapy to prevent chronic joint pain or heart rhythm problems. For early disease, a two‑week doxycycline regimen is common; for later stages, longer courses or intravenous options may be needed. Side effects are usually mild, but your doctor will weigh risks against benefits, especially for kids or pregnant people. Prevention ties back to the fact that Lyme disease is a tick‑borne illness, any disease transmitted through tick bites. Wearing long sleeves, using EPA‑approved repellents, and checking for attached ticks after hikes can cut your chances dramatically. If you do find a tick, prompt removal and monitoring for symptoms are the best first steps.

Below you’ll find a curated collection of articles that dive deeper into each of these points—whether you need guidance on choosing the right antibiotic, understanding test results, or managing lingering joint issues. Explore the list to get practical tips and up‑to‑date information tailored to every stage of Lyme disease.